Psoriasis

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that causes red, scaly, itchy, and thickened patches on the skin. It occurs due to an overactive immune system that accelerates the growth of skin cells, leading to the formation of characteristic plaques.

Psoriasis is not contagious and cannot spread from one person to another. With appropriate treatment, symptoms can be effectively controlled and flare-ups can be minimized.

Symptoms of Psoriasis

•Red, raised patches of skin
•White or silvery scales
•Itching and irritation
•Dry, cracked skin
•Scalp scaling and dandruff-like flakes
•Nail changes such as pitting, thickening, or discoloration
•Joint pain and finger swelling

Types of Psoriasis

•Plaque Psoriasis
•Scalp Psoriasis
•Guttate Psoriasis
•Palmoplantar Psoriasis
•Nail Psoriasis
•Inverse Psoriasis
•Pustular Psoriasis
•Erythrodermic Psoriasis

Commonly Affected Areas

•Scalp
•Elbows, Knees, Lower back
•Hands and feet
•Nails

Causes & Triggers

The exact cause of psoriasis is not fully understood, but it is related to immune system dysfunction and genetic predisposition.

Common triggers include:

•Stress
•Skin injury or trauma
•Certain medications
•Infections
•Smoking, Alcohol consumption
•Weather changes
•Obesity

Diagnosis

Psoriasis is usually diagnosed through detailed clinical examination. In selected cases, a skin biopsy may be recommended to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other skin conditions.

Treatment

Treatment is individualized according to the type, severity, extent of involvement, and impact on quality of life.

Treatment options may include:

•Medicated creams and ointments
•Moisturizers and keratolytic agents
•Oral medications
•Excimer Light
•Biologic therapy
•Lifestyle modification and trigger management